Oorlog Rusland 21 juni 2015 - groeiende Verzameling Ukraine historische links

[webmaster]

https://www.facebook.com/anatolij.gajkovs.kij/posts/pfbid035xFvqcU9yFY8AhDoKznUDhFxx9yKa9Y5nUhcDfhT44MuyqgMj4NpSpg3Hq19ZkYUl

An interesting detail that is almost overlooked in the wake of the strikes on Iran: the first rockets in the country flew almost synchronized with the launch of a new railway route https://www.specialeurasia.com from China to Iran. The first train from Xian arrived at the Iranian logistics hub Aprin

https://www.tasnimnews.com/en/news/2025/05/25/3320800/freight-route-gets-rolling-as-chinese-train-unloads-in-iran-s-dry-port
 on May 25, 2025. This route has been agreed on and under construction since 2021 - immediately after Iran and China signed a $400 billion strategic agreement under the One Belt, One Way initiative. The essence of the project is simple: industrial goods from China are now going directly to Iran by land, bypassing all areas of US influence, military bases and sanctions control. Iran is not just getting supplies - it is getting the role of a key transit hub connecting:
- to the south - the "North-South" corridor through Russia, the Caspian Sea and India;
- to the west - land exit to Iraq, Syria, Turkey and the Mediterranean;
- to the east - direct access to Chinese supply chains.

https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/513289/Iran-s-strategic-transit-opportunity-amid-global-supply-Chain

In addition, the land route blurs the monopoly of maritime traffic, especially in conditions when the Strait of Hormuz and Suez are controlled by either American or pro-American structures. Iran gradually broke out of logistical isolation, becoming a link between China, Russia, India and the Middle East.
All of this is a geoeconomic threat that the US and allies understand very well. Therefore, it is not surprising that at the same time with the beginning of real integration of Iran into trans-Asian logistics, an attempt to systematically destroy Iran begins. The issue is not only in the nuclear program. The question is to prevent Iran from becoming a logistics hub of the new Eurasian architecture and not to gather enough strength.

[webmaster]

Have you heard the utter nonsense from the pizdenet of the Russian quasi-empire? First he spit out about "one people" and "all of Ukraine is ours", and then right away: "Where the foot of a Russian soldier steps, that is ours". That is, not all of "one people" is ours, but only those who were able to be driven under the boot?!
What kind of "brotherly love" is this?! This is not even logic, this is schizophrenia in its purest form!

He still dares to say that the tragedy in Ukraine is "not the result of our work", but the consequences of those who "could not come to terms with it". Yeah, right! He didn't attack, he didn't start the war!
As if Ukraine had to come to terms with murders and the seizure of lands!
This is not a tragedy, this is a crime, and you, individual, are the main director of this bloody massacre!
And his "We have never questioned Ukraine's right to sovereignty" is just a slap in the face to everyone.
What did you do in 2022 if you didn't doubt it?!
You say one thing, and do another.
As usual.

The icing on the cake: "I was ready to meet with Zelensky, but Johnson talked me out of it."
Of course, someone is always to blame, but not him! Maybe no one wants to deal with a murderer and a liar?!
And this: "Russia is forced to create a security zone along its border with Ukraine" is the apotheosis of cynicism.
It's like a burglar who, after cleaning out an apartment, is "forced" to put a fence around it for "security." Sick bastard!

And his pearls of wisdom about the economy? "Rumors of my death are greatly exaggerated." Well, yes, of course, the death of the economy, like his own, is constantly "exaggerated."
And the fact that our fellow countrymen are on the brink of poverty, and the budget is on the rocks - these are trifles!
"If you drink vodka, you need a snack," so Russia will export vodka to Africa, then meat and grain.
Seriously?!
Instead of developing his country, he proposes to get Africa drunk and fed in order to make a profit?
Businessman of the year, damn him!

The "fuss" around Domodedovo and privatization "for a ruble" is a pure excuse. For years he sat on the pipe, did nothing, and now he whines about "injustice". Double standards are his second name.

"Israel today is almost a Russian-speaking country... Moscow takes this into account." What?! What is he getting at?
That Israel is now "ours" too, like Crimea?

This idiot has completely lost his mind.
And finally: "Russia will create conditions for foreign investors so that they feel comfortable." Ahaha! Comfortable? In a country where you can "nationalize" anything at any time, and "enemies" are constantly "looking for ways to cause damage"? Who in their right mind would invest in this bullshit world?! Musk?)))

In general, this old moth continues to talk nonsense, trying to cover up his crimes and the desperate situation of the country.
But we know that "rumors of his death" are only a matter of time.
And the war in Ukraine is not a tragedy, but a murder for which he will answer.
Sooner or later.
https://vk.com/wall720919076_5304


THOUGHTS ON IRAN AND POSSIBLE DEVELOPMENTS
1. "Persians are only 50% of Iran's population, but minorities do not rebel because they consider Iran their state."
Refutation:
This is a simplified and idealized view. In practice:
• Azeris, Kurds, Baloch, Arabs and Baha'is are regularly subject to discrimination, especially in the areas of culture, language and religion.
• Kurds (about 10%) participated in armed uprisings in 1979 and the 1990s. Baloch in Sistan suffer from repression and poverty and have also rebelled.
• In 2022 (after the assassination of Mahsa Amini), it was the Kurdish and Baloch regions that became the epicenters of protests.
Conclusion: The loyalty of minorities in Iran is not unconditional. They are held back not by love for the state, but by fear of repression and the lack of effective organization. In the event of a real collapse of the center, separatism will break out.
________________________________________
2. "Iran is a state of all citizens. Everyone can hold any position."
Refutation:
• In Iran, according to the constitution, the supreme leader can only be a Shiite Persian, in fact. Neither a Sunni nor a representative of a minority can occupy this post.
• The highest positions in the Revolutionary Guard, the Guardian Council and the judicial system are also dominated by Persians and Shiites.
• Sunnis and non-Shiites (including Baha'is) are almost completely excluded from the upper echelons of power.
Conclusion: Formally, the state is for everyone, but in reality it is discriminatory. There is a ladder for passionate people, but it is not equal in start and outcome for everyone.
________________________________________
3. "In Israel, unlike Iran, the Arabs are not full citizens, so they would rebel after the blow."
Refutation:
• Arab citizens of Israel have the right to vote, are represented in the Knesset, hold positions as Supreme Court judges, doctors, professors, deputy ministers, etc.
• Yes, they face social and everyday discrimination, but no more than minorities in Iran.
• During the war, the overwhelming majority of Arab Israelis do not advocate the destruction of Israel, but strive for civil equality.
Conclusion: The Arabs in Israel do not rebel en masse precisely because they have at least some instruments of political, economic and cultural self-realization. They are not isolated from the system, unlike the Baha'is or Sunnis in Iran.
________________________________________
4. Why is there no uprising in Iran after the Israeli strike?
Factors:
• Repression and fear: decades of internal terror have taught people to be cautious.
• Lack of an alternative structure: there is no opposition center or rebel cells, especially among ethnic minorities.
• Temporary shock effect: if the war drags on, the likelihood of uprisings will increase.
• Nationalism: even opposition-minded Persians and Azeris often consolidate in times of external aggression.
________________________________________
Conclusion
Both Iran and Israel are complex, multi-ethnic states. Neither provides full civil equality, but:
• Iran is a centralized, ideocratic regime where loyalty is suppressed rather than nurtured.
• Israel is a democratic, albeit Jewish by self-determination, state where minorities have real, albeit limited, rights.
So your hypothesis is interesting, but it does not stand up to fact-checking. In both cases, the uprisings are not simply a reaction to citizenship status, but the result of many factors: fear, repression, internal identity, and available alternatives.
Addition: Azeris in Iran - a possible factor of internal destabilization
Who are the Iranian Azeris?
• They are the second largest ethnic group in Iran (estimated at between 15 and 25 million, or up to 30% of the population).
• They live in the provinces of East and West Azerbaijan, Ardabil, Zanjan, and in major cities such as Tehran, Rasht, and Qom.
• They speak a Turkic language close to Azerbaijani in the Republic of Azerbaijan, but were raised in an Iranian cultural and Shiite religious environment.
• A significant part of the Iranian military and spiritual establishment are ethnic Azerbaijanis (for example, Ayatollah Khamenei is Azerbaijani on his father's side).
________________________________________
Why aren't they rebelling?
✅1. Integration into the elite
Azerbaijanis are actively represented in the government, army, Revolutionary Guard, and business. This is the main difference from the Kurds, Baloch, or Arabs.
Many see Iran as their power, especially the religious and traditionalist classes.
✅2. Shiite Identity
Unlike the Kurds (many of whom are Sunni) or the Baloch (Sunni Hanafis), the Azeris are Shiites and share the theocratic foundation of the regime.
✅3. Lack of an Independent Center
Unlike the Kurds, who have an Iraqi Kurdistan, the Iranian Azeris have no sovereign center outside Iran that could serve as a base for separatism.
The Republic of Azerbaijan does not pursue an openly separatist policy towards its southern brethren. Moreover, official Baku has traditionally been wary of interfering in order not to aggravate relations with Tehran.
________________________________________
But the potential for instability exists: when will it be activated?
🔥1. Iran's military defeat
If the regime in Tehran weakens (for example, if nuclear facilities are destroyed, key figures are killed, and the army is completely demoralized), a chain reaction could begin.
🔥2. Baku's intervention (direct or indirect)
If Azerbaijan (possibly with the tacit support of Turkey and Israel) opens humanitarian or political channels of communication with southern Azerbaijanis, this could trigger regional protests.
🔥3. Growing national consciousness
There are already cultural activists in Iranian Azerbaijani cities demanding recognition of the Turkic language in education, rights to autonomy, etc.
Previously, such demands were suppressed, but in the chaos they could develop into a mass movement.
🔥4. Anti-Persian sentiment
Although Azerbaijanis are integrated into the state, there is a latent hostility among the people towards Persian arrogance, cultural assimilation, and discrimination. In the context of national humiliation, such feelings could explode.
________________________________________
Conclusion: "The Quiet Giant" on the Verge of a Choice
Iran's Azerbaijanis are potentially the most dangerous minority for Tehran, precisely because they have long been its support.
• If they stop seeing Iran as "their home," the most destructive internal crisis will begin: a rebellion of "their own," former loyalists.
• Everything depends on the depth of the crisis, the behavior of Turkey and Azerbaijan, and the ability of the Persian center to maintain legitimacy.
🔮Forecast: Southern Azerbaijan in a Protracted War
________________________________________
📍Stage 1: Growing Discontent (1–3 months of war)
Prerequisites:
• Damage to strategic facilities in Iran (nuclear centers, IRGC headquarters, oil infrastructure).
• Rising unemployment, inflation, food shortages.
• Unrest in Tehran, mass funerals of the dead, disorganization of the authorities.
Reaction in South Azerbaijan:
• Increased activity of national cultural activists in Tabriz, Ardabil, Zanjan.
• Slogans: "South Azerbaijan is not a colony", "Down with the Persian regime".
• Increased monitoring of the media from Baku and Ankara.
• First student protests at the universities of Tabriz and Urumiye.
________________________________________
📍Stage 2: Organization and first clashes (3–6 months)
Conditions of transition:
• Pinpoint strikes by Israel and possibly its allies continue.
• The struggle for control of the provinces begins on the part of the IRGC and army units.
What is happening in South Azerbaijan:
• Illegal self-defense groups appear, often led by religious or nationalist authorities.
• Police and the IRGC suppress protests, there are casualties.
• In response: urban riots, burning of portraits of the ayatollah, road blockades.
New agenda:
• Demands for autonomy along the lines of Iraqi Kurdistan.
• Appeals to Baku and Turkey: "We are your blood."
________________________________________
📍Stage 3: Partial control over territory (6–9 months)
If Tehran continues to weaken:
• The authorities effectively lose control over Tabriz, Ardabil, and border regions.
• The IRGC withdraws some of its forces to protect strategic facilities in central Iran.
De facto autonomy is formed:
• Local management committees.
• Self-organization of residents.
• Open coordination with the diaspora and media in Azerbaijan. The slogan "Guney Azerbayjan, Ozgur Olsun!"
appears – "Southern Azerbaijan, be free!" ________________________________________ Stage 4: Possible declaration of autonomy or independence (from 9 months) With complete military demoralization of the center: • A congress of local delegates is convened. • Autonomy (or even independence) is declared. • Steps are possible to switch to the Turkic language in schools, create a local gendarmerie. Reaction of the outside world: • Azerbaijan (Baku): diplomatic support, avoids military intervention. • Turkey: provides cultural, humanitarian and intelligence support. • The West: hesitates, but recognizes the right of peoples to self-determination. • China and Russia: condemn, support the territorial integrity of Iran. ________________________________________ Possible risks: • Civil war between the IRGC and the autonomists. • The participation of ethnic Kurds and Baloch could expand the conflict. • The possibility of the region turning into a new Syrian arc of instability, especially if external forces intervene. ________________________________________ Conclusion: "The Quiet Front" Could Become the Loudest" Southern Azerbaijan is a region that has long been Iran's stronghold, but in the event of a systemic collapse could become its Achilles heel. Israel's strategy of hitting the regime could indirectly activate the largest and potentially politically advanced ethnic group, which already has a cultural identity, a language, a dream of autonomy – and a willingness to act. Alexandr Neporent


📍










⚠️




📌

https://vk.com/wall462224817_14329

[webmaster]

🟥 Russia is not an unfinished democracy. It is a completed concentration camp.

Many still believe that Russia could be different: with reforms, normal pensions, new roads. That it was simply necessary to "steal less."
They refuse to understand that in this system no one steals anything - because the country already belongs to the elite. The Kremlin does not govern the state - it owns it. And the population are not citizens, but slaves. Gas, oil, people - they are all raw materials.

There was no "point of no return" in 2012. There was no "lost democracy." There was only an illusion that keeps people in obedience, like prisoners who are shown how they will live someday - while they survive in the barracks.

Do you believe that Russia can be "cleaned", "reformed", "corrected"? But the concentration camp cannot be reformed. It can only be demolished. Because there has never been, is not and never will be a paradise in the camp.

🔁The myth of "good people and bad boyars" or "lost potential" is necessary in a country where potential is silent submission.
https://vk.com/wall61448946_43156

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_conquest_of_Siberia
https://x.com/DecodingTrolls/status/1928688008557113672
⚡️China's Proxy War in Europe.

Around 4,100 BCE a small group left the Ancient Ukrainian Yamna community in southern Ukraine.

A thousand years later their descendants would reappear in the historical record: in today's China's Tarim Basin, where the Xigyurs live today.

By then the Ancient Ukrainian language these Yamna migrants had spoken (of which today we possess around 1,000 sounds/meanings, many of which we still in contemporary English use in almost every sentence) had evolved towards the languages TochAryan A and TochAryan B.

Most of the writing we today possess in the TochAryan A and B languages is in the form of devotional Buddhist texts - Buddhism, like other Indo-European religions, is essentially the same religion that was practised by those Yamna migrants.

Today, China's proxies Russia, North Korea and Iran murder Central Europeans from the same area from where the main ingredients of Chinese culture (Buddhism and Communism) ultimately emanate.

Russia invented the military strategy of Reflexive Control - arranging your enemies so that, unknown to them, they do what you want them to.

Well, the joke's on the Russians. As China's slaves they grind themselves against the Ancient Ukrainian Yamuna's descendants in Central Europe.

Joke's also on the Chinese: Ikraine may well need to destroy it to be free of its proxies' (N Korea, Russia, and Iran) murderous raids into core Yamna territory.

https://dokumen.pub/the-tarim-mummies-ancient-china-and-the-mystery-of-the-earliest-peoples-from-the-west-0500283729-9780500283721.html

https://x.com/DecodingTrolls/status/1774386992341569740
⚡️Ancient Ukrainians in Judea: Manuland IX

Hearing the word Yamnaya in the context of Ukrainian barrow-grave culture reminded me immediately of the Buddhist Yama.

I could not connect the two cultures, geographically separated by thousands of kilometres, as well as by several millennia.

Maybe it was just a coincidence that the monikers Yama (which derived from Aryaman) and Yamnaya both contained the sacred M-N- sound?!

I hadn't then realised that Christianity grew out of a Roman colony so that the Roman Catholic faith was an amalgam of influences, including the Italic / Latin / Roman Indo-European culture which occupied Judea at the time of Christ's sacrifice.

The earliest fragments we have of many parts of the bible were found in jars in what is today the State of Israel. Some of these texts are written in Greek, an Indo-European language. Greek was the lingua franca in the Roman occupied land of Judea where Christ lived and taught.

Note too that Latin, the language of the Roman colonisers, is an Indo-European Language.

Of relevance also is that we now know through Comparative Archaeology, archaeogenetics and linguistics that the Philistines mentioned in the bible hailed from the Aegean. They were Greeks (Indo-Europeans).

The Philistines occupied Palestine first around 1100 BCE. The Philistines are therefore also Indo-European language speakers and Indo-European culture and religion conveyors.

The origin story Christianity tells itself inside itself is that it is almost wholly a product of Judaism. Our mental models see a natural evolution from the first Judaic King, Kind David - a probable historical figure who lived around 1,000 BCE.

Recently, I worked out the linguistic root of "David."

It's quite simple really: the sound we spell as "Deva" is related to "Deity" in virtually every Indo-European language spoken over the past 4,000 years: the sounds and meaning "Jupiter" (Rome), "Zeus Pater" (Ζεύς πατήρ) (Greece) & "Dyāuḥ pitā" (India) all began life before 2,500 BCE in Ancient Ukraine as *Dyēus pətḗr (Sky Father)...



https://www.facebook.com/erin.nikitchyuk/videos/10207018245444281/

2015

In Russian, "Укроп" (ukrop) means dill (as in the herb). It became a derogatory slang term in the war-torn eastern Donetsk and Luhansk Oblasts of Ukraine used by separatists to indicate Ukrainian soldiers and volunteer fighters. Ukrainians took ownership of the term as a patriotic label and soon not only the name, but the image of dill weed, became a popular part of the Ukrainian fight to maintain the integrity of their borders.
A Ukrainian rock group Haydamaky wrote a song "Ukrop" that has become a hugely popular success. As the Ukrainian folk instrument, bandura, has been called "the voice of Ukraine," is it only fitting that talented individuals of the Bandura at Bobriwka workshop arranged this song to be played on bandura so our kids could play it in honor of the fight for freedom happening now in Ukraine. The rock video can be seen here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zwh6WGGGFzw
The song sings of children, parents, and the elderly amidst war-torn surroundings hoping for peace with incredible dedication and resilience. The chorus to this song can be translated as:
You are Ukrop, I am Ukrop,
Ukraine is the land of Ukrops.
Ukrops are strewn across the field
Fighting for freedom and liberty
----------------------------------------------
Укроп - це маленький хлопчик,
Що носить коротенький чубчик
і мріє про мир у домі
А як треба то стане в окоп в обороні
Укроп - це школярка юна
Окутана стягом жовтоблакитиним
Горять у неі очі,
Як плете маскувальну сітку до ночі
Приспів
Укроп - це ти, укроп це я,
Украіна - укропів земля
Укроп всіяний по полю
Бореться за свободу і волю
Укроп - це лагідна мати,
що молиться до світання
Укроп - це батько суворий, що
є патріотом рідного краю
Укроп - це бабуся старенька,
Що вяже панчохи захиснику,
Укроп - це дідо сивенький,
збирає вояці сальця й часнику
Приспів
Укроп - це ти, укроп це я,
Украіна - укропів земля
Укроп всіяний по полю
Укроп бореться за волю
Укроп - це ти, укроп це я,
Украіна - укропів земля
Укроп всіяний по полю
Укроп бореться за волю
Укроп - це кіборг залізний,
Укроп - це козак вольовий,
тікай враже-сєпар, допоки не пізно,
Ховайся москалю, допоки живий
Укроп голови не схилить
І навіть вистоіть "Смерч"
Укроп "Градом" накриє
А він всеодно підійме свій меч
Приспів
Укроп - це ти, укроп це я,
Украіна - укропів земля
Укроп всіяний по полю
Укроп бореться за волю
Укроп - це ти, укроп це я,
Украіна - укропів земля
Укроп всіяний по полю
Укроп бореться за волю
Укроп - то народ єдиний,
Укроп - то народ міцний
Укроп ніколи не згине
Укроп вічно живий
Укроп - то народ єдиний,
Укроп - то народ міцний
Укроп ніколи не згине
Укроп вічно живий
Приспів
Укроп - це ти, укроп це я,
Украіна - укропів земля
Укроп всіяний по полю
Укроп бореться за волю
Укроп - це ти, укроп це я,
Украіна - укропів земля
Укроп всіяний по полю
Укроп бореться за волю
in english:  You are Ukrop, I am Ukrop, Ukraine is the land of Ukrops. Dill is a little boy, Who wears short bangs and dreams of peace at home And if necessary, he will stand in the trench in defense Dill is a young schoolgirl Wrapped in a yellow-blue banner Her eyes burn, As she weaves a camouflage net until night Chorus Dill is you, dill is me, Ukraine is the land of dill Dill is scattered across the field Fighting for freedom and liberty Dill is a gentle mother who prays until dawn Dill is a stern father who is a patriot of his native land Dill is an old grandmother, Who knits stockings for the defender, Dill is a gray-haired grandfather, who collects salt and garlic for the soldiers Chorus Dill is you, dill is me, Ukraine is the land of dill Dill is scattered across the field Dill Dill is fighting for freedom, Dill is you, Dill is me, Ukraine is the land of dill Dill is scattered across the field Dill is fighting for freedom, Dill is an iron cyborg, Dill is a strong-willed Cossack, run away, enemy-separator, until it's too late, Hide, Muscovite, until the living Dill bows his head And even stand up to the "Smerch" Dill will cover with "Grad" And he will still raise his sword Chorus Dill is you, Dill is me, Ukraine is the land of dill Dill is fighting for freedom, Dill is you, Dill is me, Ukraine is the land of dill Dill is scattered across the field Dill is fighting for freedom, Dill is one people, Dill is a strong people Dill will never perish, Dill is forever alive Dill is one people, Dill - then the people are strong Dill will never perish Dill is eternally alive Chorus Dill is you, dill is me, Ukraine is the land of dill Dill is scattered across the field Dill is fighting for freedom Dill is you, dill is me, Ukraine is the land of dill Dill is scattered across the field Dill is fighting for freedom

[webmaster]

Ancient Rus and Byzantium are two worlds connected not only by wars and religion, but also by profitable trade. Even primarily by profitable trade. In many ways, how and where the ancient Russian state was formed in the 9th century was determined by the trade contacts between Constantinople and the northern lands.

What did they trade, how were treaties concluded, and why was Constantinople the main market for the ancient Russians? In brief:

1. The main trade route - "from the Varangians to the Greeks"
🔹The Dnieper, Volkhov, Lovat rivers → Black Sea → Constantinople (aka Tsargrad).
🔹Furs, honey, wax, slaves were transported along this route - in exchange for gold, silk, wine, weapons and glass.

2. What did Rus sell to Byzantium?
✔Furs (sable, marten, beaver) - the main export product, valued in the empire.
✔Wax – for church candles (Byzantium is the center of Orthodoxy) and for candles in general. In a way, it is an analogue of electricity.
✔Honey is a natural product and a base for drinks.
✔Slaves (captives from wars and raids) – were sold at slave markets.

3. What did Russia buy from Byzantium?
💰Gold and silver – in the form of jewelry.
⚔Complex handicrafts
🍷Wine, olive oil, spices – luxury for princely feasts.
✝Religious items – icons, crosses, books.

4. 📜Treaties (including trade): 911, 944 and 971 – agreements between princes Oleg, Igor and Svyatoslav with Byzantium:

Russian merchants received the right to live in Constantinople for six months, but could not carry weapons and had to enter the city through certain gates. Byzantium gave Russia trade privileges.

After the baptism of Rus' (988), the connections grew stronger:
✔More church goods (icons, books, wine, olive oil).
✔Byzantine craftsmen came to build churches (for example, St. Sophia's Cathedral in Kiev).
✔Russian pilgrims went to Constantinople.

Trade with Byzantium enriched Rus', giving it access to the advanced technologies and culture of the time.

https://vk.com/wall-135391973_76910

[webmaster]

Average anthropological portraits of people of the Sintashta and Andronovo cultures, who lived on the territory of the Eurasian steppe from the southern Urals to the Tien Shan and Altai. They were true Aryans, and the spreaders of Iranian languages in Eurasia, the inventors of the spoked wheel and chariots, and were also the ones who laid the foundation of Zoroastrianism.
Andronovo people are European bearers of light eyes and hair and the main ancestors of the Scythian-Sarmatian tribes.
https://vk.com/wall-176775940_24588

https://www.citeco.fr/10000-years-history-economics/the-origins/emergence-of-farmers-and-stockbreeders

From a post by Victoria Stolpnik Gubko
This June marked 52 years since the discovery of Ukraine's greatest archaeological treasure - the Scythian gold pectoral - unearthed during an excavation of the Tovsta Mohyla burial mound in the Dnipropetrovsk region by Ukrainian archaeologist Borys Mozolevskyi (pictured below).
The pectoral is a breathtaking ceremonial chest ornament made of pure gold, nearly 30 cm in diameter and weighing over 1 kilogram. Crafted over 2,400 years ago, likely for a Scythian king, it features hundreds of tiny hand-carved figures of people, animals, and plants. It's not just an ornament - it's a visual code of the Scythian world, depicting themes of life, nature, birth, and death in exquisite detail. When you gaze at it long enough, it almost seems to come alive.
The story of its discovery sounds like a movie. When the
archaeologists first saw the gleam of gold in the soil, they froze - and then burst into joyful hugs. A piece of history, buried for centuries, had returned to the people.
The value of the pectoral is so immense that at one point, officials in moscow tried to seize it, just as they had done with many Ukrainian artifacts.
The director of the Hermitage had his eye on it.
But this time, Ukrainian scholars stood their ground. The pectoral remained in Kyiv's Museum of Historical Treasures and has never left Ukraine.
In over a decade of the ongoing Russian-Ukrainian war, the original pectoral has only been exhibited once. Its current location is kept secret for security reasons.
And that matters - especially now. Because russia isn't just waging war over territory. It's waging war over our history. It loots paintings, steals antiquities, and falsely claims everything as its own. Even the Scythian gold from Crimean museums, which was abroad on exhibition during the 2014 occupation has been the subject of years-long legal battles, as Russia tried to appropriate it. But Ukraine prevailed.That's why the pectoral is more than just gold.  It is a fragment of our cultural DNA.
A symbol that we were here, we are here, and we will remain.
Ukrainian history is deep, vivid, and unique - and it is only ours!
https://www.facebook.com/myk.mowczan.5/posts/pfbid02yop1bLQJA9tcDC3GDGBdnuDe7hoMGRnkBrom96wmaKwtTaWLeRQgHfQorrZAnYQ4l

[webmaster]

Germanic or Indian

https://www.powerofmana.net/p/ep-1-using-m-n-to-determine-which?

https://www.powerofmana.net/p/ep-2-using-m-n-to-determine-which?

https://www.powerofmana.net/p/ep-3-using-m-n-to-determine-which?

https://www.powerofmana.net/p/ep-4-using-m-n-to-determine-which?

https://www.powerofmana.net/p/ep-5-using-m-n-to-determine-which?

https://www.powerofmana.net/p/ep-6-using-m-n-to-determine-which?

https://www.nature.com/articles/nature14317
This is what an ordinary girl looked like 3,300 years ago in northern Europe. The photo shows a female reconstructor who has completely recreated the appearance and clothing of the so-called Egtved girl (Denmark).

This is exactly what girls looked like in the Bronze Age - almost indistinguishable from modern ones!

Scientists have recreated her image based on remains found in Denmark, and the result is surprising: short blond hair, neat nails, a slender figure - height 160 cm.

Clothes - a woolen bodice with elbow-length sleeves, a short skirt and a belt with a bronze disk. Jewelry - bracelets and spirals. She looked fashionable even by our standards!

Interestingly, she herself was from modern-day Germany. She probably married a Dane, which is how trade and political ties were strengthened in the Bronze Age.

A wooden bucket containing a drink was found in her grave – a mixture of wheat beer, honey, lingonberries and bog myrtle. It turns out that Europeans were brewing craft beer a thousand years before Rome!

This story is a reminder that people of the past were not so "ancient". They had tastes, style, travel and... beer. We are not so different as it sometimes seems.
https://vk.com/wall-81496960_127213

[webmaster]

There are about 330 million native speakers of Turkic languages in the world. They are mutually understandable to varying degrees.
1. The ancestral homeland of the Turks is Altai.
2. The Turkic languages are structurally similar to the Finno-Ugric languages: vowel harmony, postpositions.
3. The most ancient form of Turkic writing that researchers have managed to find are Turkic runes. This alphabet is called Bitig or the Orkhon-Yenisei alphabet.
4. The oldest record written using the ancient Turkic alphabet is written on a 2,600-year-old Scythian bowl found in Kazakhstan. It consists of 26 letters and is called the "Issyk inscription". Literary works in the Middle Ages were written in a "common" Turkic language, which was called "Turkù" and existed until the 19th-20th centuries. At that time, it was not divided into Uzbek, Kazakh, Turkmen, etc. and united all the Turkic peoples.
5. Turkic, along with Persian and Arabic, was the official literary language of the East.
6. In the Middle Ages, the lingua franca of the entire Silk Road was Turkic.
7. The international language of the Caucasus until the mid-19th century was Turkic, later it was supplanted by Russian.
8. There are almost no exceptions to grammatical rules in the Turkic languages. Turkic-speaking writers in the Middle Ages wrote in a "common" Turkic language, which was called Turki and existed until the 19th-20th centuries.
9. There are no genders in the Turkic languages.
10. The Turkic languages are agglutinative. Various affixes and suffixes are added to the word, as a result of which it changes grammatical forms.
11. The longest word in Turkish is 70 letters long: "muvaffakiyetsizleştiricileştiriveremeyebileceklerimizdenmişsinizcesine", which roughly translates as "As if you were one of those we can't make a maker of losers".
12. The city with the largest number of native Turkic speakers is Istanbul (15 million Turkic speakers), followed by Tehran (7.3 million - Azerbaijani).
14. Azerbaijani is the second most spoken language in Iran. It is spoken by 48% of the population (39 million). Currently, some Turkic peoples use the Latin alphabet, some - the Cyrillic alphabet, but there was a time when Arabic script was also used. Latin is considered less "suitable" and convenient.
15. There are also Volga peoples living in Russia whose languages belong to the Turkic family: Tatar, Bashkir, Chuvash, Tuvan, Sakha. Most Turks now preach Islam (except for the Chuvash, Kryashens and Gagauz), but the Sakha (Yakuts) have preserved their traditional faith to this day - Tengrianism. It is worth noting that despite the fact that a huge number of Turkic peoples have adopted Islam, the Koran has not been translated into Turkic, only the commentaries to the Koran have been translated.
16. The languages of the peoples of the North Caucasus belong to the Turkic family: Kumyk, Nogai, Balkar, Karachai.
17. The languages of the peoples of Siberia: Sakha (Yakut), Tuvan, Tofalar, Dolgan, and so on, also belong to the Turkic language family. The Uighurs live in western China, whose language also belongs to the Turkic language family. The indigenous Crimean Tatar people live in Crimea. Researchers suggest that the ancestral home of the Turkic languages was Altai. All Turkic peoples led an exclusively nomadic lifestyle, since to this day the Turkic peoples mostly live in steppe areas.

https://vk.com/wall-219560484_187844

[webmaster]

https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:7225758470447243264/
"Ordinary russians don't support the war."
Meanwhile in russia 👇

🙄 Today, freshly liberated russian oppositionists argued "this is Putin's war" once again denying the responsibility of the country actually waging war.

Instead only blaming the symptom, Putin.

Admittingly, the opposition had been rotting in cells for 2+ years, so we should be forgiving. They may not be aware that....

📊 About 500,000 "ordinary Russians" are right now fighting to exterminate hashtag#Ukraine right now.

About 120,000 to half a million "ordinary Russians" have already been 𝐤𝐢𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐝 in this war to exterminate Ukraine, which is unprecedented since WWII, and still there's no end in sight.

Up to 25,000 "ordinary Russians" are joining the Russian hashtag#military every single month to get some real crazy money for helping exterminate Ukraine.

📈 Russia's overall military force deployed to exterminate Ukraine is expected to grow to about 700,000 more "ordinary Russians" by the end of 2024, and another wave of mass mobilization is very likely.

🚀 Millions of "ordinary russians" work the industries, factories and logistics that produce the ammo, missiles, drones and glide bombs used to 𝐤𝐢𝐥𝐥 Ukraine's civilians, women and children on a daily basis.

And many dozens millions of "ordinary russians" more pay the taxes to fund this brutal and illegal invasion.

🤷�♀️ Yet, no nationwide protests, no military trains derailed en masse by those protesting against exterminating Ukraine, no war of national resistance in Russia to stop this madness, the 𝐢𝐝𝐢𝐨𝐜𝐲 of which is simply very hard for a sane mind to process.

This is not just "Putin's war"

📣 It's a war to exterminate Ukraine supported actively by "regular Russians" poisoned by the Kremlin's hashtag#propaganda of 𝐡𝐚𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐝 and/or those participating in the extermination of Ukraine for money, which meets no resistance from those who opt towards omission.

This is much deeper than just blaming a dictator. If only things were that simple.

❗️ This is about a very large nation, in which an aggressive totalitarian regime has built its power largely on the consolidating idea of exterminating and devouring a neighboring nation

"No man is a complete ruler or dictator. He is only the mouthpiece for the wishes of his followers. As long as he expresses those wishes, he leads them."
- Louis L'Amour

[webmaster]

What are Ukrainians first in the world in?
1. Ukrainians, namely the Antonov Design Bureau, developed the aircraft with the largest cargo capacity in the world — the An-225 "Mriya". It was originally designed to transport spacecraft. Currently, "Mriya" performs commercial cargo transportation.
2. The author of the world's first Constitution is the Ukrainian political and public figure Pylyp Orlyk. On April 5, 1710, he was elected hetman of the Zaporizhzhia Army. On the same day, Pylyp Orlyk proclaimed the "Constitution of Rights and Freedoms of the Zaporizhzhia Army". The Constitution was adopted in the USA in 1787, in France and Poland — only in 1791.
3. The first frame hive was invented in Ukraine in 1814 by Petro Prokopovych. In recent years, Ukraine has confidently maintained its place in the top three world leaders in honey production. Ahead of European countries in terms of honey production several times, Ukraine is also the first in the world in terms of honey production per capita (1.5 kg).
4. Ukraine has the largest reserves of manganese ore in the world - 2.3 billion tons, or about 11% of the total world supply.
5. The largest monasteries are called Lavras. Only six monasteries in the world have the status of Lavra. Three of them are located in Ukraine. These are the Holy Dormition Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra in Kyiv, which received this status back in 1598, the Holy Dormition Lavra in Pochaiv and the Holy Dormition Lavra Svyatogorsk in Donetsk region.
6. The oldest educational institution in Eastern Europe is considered to be the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy (1615).
7. The first kerosene lamp was invented in Lviv by employees of the pharmacy "Under the Golden Star" Ignatiy Lukasiewicz and Jan Zech in 1853. In the same year, the first surgical operation under the illumination of a kerosene lamp was performed in a Lviv hospital. Later, the kerosene lamp was presented at the international exhibition in Munich, where the invention was marked with a special certificate.
8. Monuments to the famous Ukrainian poet Taras Shevchenko have been installed in 1200 places around the world.
9. The Arsenalna metro station in Kyiv is the deepest in the world. It runs underground at a depth of 105 m. The station near the parliament building was built in 1960, one of the first. According to some reports, there are secret hiding places for the political elite in the tunnels near Arsenalna.
10. The Ukrainian wind instrument trembita is the longest wind musical instrument in the world.
11. The longest trolleybus route in the world is 86 km, and it runs in Crimea between Simferopol and Yalta.
12. The shortest main street among all the capitals of the world, but at the same time one of the widest and most beautiful is Khreshchatyk in Kyiv. Its length is only 1225 m.
13. The oldest map known to scientists, as well as the oldest settlement of Homo Sapiens, were found in Ukraine: in the village of Mezhyrichia, Rivne region. They are about 14.5-15 thousand years old. The map was carved on a mammoth bone.
14. Ukrainian "Pivdenmash" (Dnipropetrovsk) produces the most environmentally friendly rocket launchers in the world. They are used to send commercial cargo into space within the framework of the international project "Sea Launch".
15. The first higher educational institution in Ukraine was the Ostroh College, which was founded in the city of Ostroh by Prince Konstantin Ostrohsky in 1576. At that time, these were the only higher educational institutions in the East Slavic world.
16. The longest cave in Ukraine is called "Optimistichna" and is located in Podillia. This is a gypsum cave at a depth of 20 m and a length of 216 km. The longest gypsum cave in the world and the second longest in general, it is second only to Mammoth Cave in the USA.
17. In Ukraine, in the town of Rakhiv, surrounded by the picturesque Carpathians, is the geographical center of Europe.
18. The oldest tree in Ukraine is considered to be a 1,300-year-old oak in the Yuzefin tract of Rivne region.
19. Ukrainians made the world's largest champagne glass with a volume of 56.25 liters. How to drink champagne from such a glass is still unclear, but this is another official Guinness world record from Ukrainians.
20. Pablo Picasso was delighted with the works of Ukrainian artist Kateryna Bilokur (1900-1961). When in 1954 he saw her works at an exhibition, he said that they were brilliant and compared Kateryna Bilokur with the world-famous artist Serafin Louis.

https://vk.com/wall720919076_5370




https://vk.com/wall-124456841_59455
More than 6,000 years ago, the Sumerians created detailed clay maps of the solar system, depicting the sun as the central star and accurately depicting the orbits and positions of the planets. Some of their images mysteriously include figures of giant creatures.

The ancient civilization of Mesopotamia created amazingly detailed clay maps of our solar system. These early astronomical diagrams demonstrate their understanding that the Sun is the star at the center of the system, around which the planets revolve. Surviving Sumerian images show the impressive accuracy of the diagrams.

Our thoughts (after all, our group is historical, and the alternative slag is already an eyesore):

Although the Sumerians were indeed one of the first civilizations to develop astronomy, there is no evidence that they conceived of the Sun as the center of the solar system or knew about the orbits of the planets.

Their worldview was geocentric, like all ancient cultures (the Earth is the center of the world).

The clay tablet VA 243, which is often referenced in such theories, is not a depiction of the solar system - it is a modern speculation popularized by the books of Zecharia Sitchin, but is not recognized by academic science.

https://blog.kareldonk.com/planet-x-nibiru-an-analysis-of-akkadian-seal-va243/
https://www.academia.edu/38705398/CYLINDER_SEAL_VA_243_REVISITED

[webmaster]

And that the surviving liberated children now ask "Uncle President" for the simplest miracle - water.
https://vk.com/wall1042582441_5784


.
https://vk.com/wall880850011_5386
FAKE OFF
🤡Medinsky: "After the revolution and the civil war, we had an absolute blockade... but it did not prevent us from winning the Second World War."
Well, yes. A real blockade. Let's remind him what happened during the "blockade" years:
🔧In 1929, Henry Ford signed an agreement with the USSR. In 1930, they had already launched an auto assembly plant in Gorky.
⚙GAZ and ZIL assembled American trucks.
⚡Hugh Cooper built the Dnieper Hydroelectric Station. The equipment was from General Electric.
🧪Dupont developed chemistry. Arthur McKee built Magnitka.
🛢Standard Oil participated in the development of the oil industry in Baku and Grozny.
🚢The Stalingrad Tractor Plant was first built in the USA, then dismantled and transported to the USSR.
🏗Albert Kahn designed 570 Soviet factories: tank, aircraft, foundries, asbestos, etc.

🇺🇸The peak of labor emigration from the USA to the USSR came in 1931. Only through Amtorg 100 thousand applications were submitted. At that time, about 20,000 foreign specialists lived in the USSR. They were the ones who made your "victory".

✈And during the war, the USA delivered 14,795 aircraft and 7,056 tanks to the USSR.
🗯Let Medinsky lie in his office - no one will contradict him there. But when he says it on the air - who is he trying to deceive? History? Or common sense?

.

Russian President Vladimir Putin is worth more than 200 billion euros, making him some say the richest man in the world.

*"I think Putin is much richer than me"... That's how Elon Musk responded to a German journalist who asked him in 2022 "how he feels about being the richest man in the world."*

The Kremlin leader is reported to own around twenty luxury homes and palaces, 15 helicopters, 43 private jets, a fleet of yachts and more than 700 cars... and the list continues to grow.

In 2022, an investigation by the Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project (OCCRP) consortium of investigative journalists successfully linked Vladimir Putin to a cooperative of 86 offshore companies that reportedly manages a fortune of nearly €4.5 billion.

This was made possible by a digital data leak. Journalists discovered that the companies were using the same private email domain name, " LLCInvest.ru ," and communicating on common issues as if they were the same organization.

The icing on the cake is that these 86 companies are also linked to Putin's crony, the infamous Bank Rossiya, a well-oiled, Russian nesting doll-like system of fraud and corruption designed to enrich the Kremlin leader.
https://vk.com/wall855052170_1153

[webmaster]

Alexander Baunov for the New York Times (translated from English):
https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/29/opinion/putin-russia-negotiations-ukraine.html
https://archive.ph/hnAJC


https://vk.com/feed?w=wall874484973_6178

PUTIN IS OBSESSED WITH WHAT HE CANNOT ACHIEVE

Vladimir Putin is, by his own account, no ordinary leader. He is a lawyer on a throne. From the start of his presidency, he has relied on his legal training as part of his image. The habit has stayed with him. "After all, I have a law degree," he told a group of businessmen in May, responding to concerns that the peace deal might bring Western competitors back to Russia. "Give me the agreement, I'll leaf through it and tell you what needs to be done."

A dictator is usually portrayed as someone who flouts the law, and that is absolutely true. But for a leader like Putin, who rose from the disciplined ranks of the security services to the presidency by following orders, it is no less important to be able to cite the law than to break it. Today in Russia, each new wave of political repression is preceded by the adoption or amendment of a law so that more people can be punished "according to the law" rather than in defiance of it.

The endless expansion of the legal field to please one man sooner or later requires justification from above. Putin's entire political career has been an attempt to find a source of legitimacy that lies deeper than the law itself, an obsessive attempt to prove his case. This, no less than conquest, is at the heart of his war against Ukraine: the goal is to turn military victory into Russia's ticket back into the club of great powers. But this is impossible without recognition from the West. And it increasingly seems that this is precisely what Putin cannot achieve.

Legitimacy is a perennial problem for dictators. No matter how powerful they appear, they always lack legitimacy. Their power is not, after all, the result of popular choice. This explains autocrats' fondness for rigged referendums and elections: a referendum allowed Putin to extend his rule in 2020, and elections held every six years create the appearance of popular consent. But a dictator can find only partial comfort in such formalities. For many dictators, real legitimacy comes on the world stage. Official visits, summits, and successful military campaigns serve as proof of their authority.

In the early years of Putin's rule, it worked. He hosted Western leaders and won victories in the second Chechen war. But when his decision to return to the presidency in 2012 sparked mass protests, he began a new struggle for what he called "traditional Russian values against the destructive influence of the West." This turn led to a direct confrontation with the West, with Ukraine becoming the battleground. The annexation of Crimea, presented as a correction of historical injustice, and the invasion of eastern Ukraine soon followed. A full-scale invasion in 2022, conceived as a brilliant blitzkrieg, completed this zero-sum approach.

These moves were remarkably successful in bolstering domestic support. But they were also attempts not to sever but to rebuild Russia's relationship with the West. Even after the annexation of Crimea and the military intervention in eastern Ukraine, the Kremlin continued negotiations – notably the Minsk agreements – to break diplomatic isolation and regain a seat at the great-power table. Those efforts failed, and Putin decided to up the ante. But even today, the Kremlin is showing some flexibility.

Despite the tough rhetoric, the Kremlin has already backed down on some extreme positions. In March, Putin floated ideas such as UN guardianship over Ukraine or elections as a condition for starting talks. That is no longer the case. Moscow no longer insists that direct talks with Ukraine are pointless and that any real agreement must first be reached with the West. The demand for a vote in the Ukrainian parliament to lift the ban on talks with Russia has also quietly disappeared.

This new flexibility has its limits, of course. Moscow has not abandoned its core demands. Over the past three years, Russia—despite the Kremlin's reluctance to commit to full mobilization—has become a country at war. The enemy has become a mythical evil; soldiers are heroes; there are more dead and wounded than in any war since World War II; the war economy is running at full capacity; dissent is suppressed. Even Putin often speaks of "war" rather than "special military operation." The longer and bigger the military effort, the more convincing the result must be.

This is where negotiations come into play. The Kremlin clearly sees them as a platform to claim a victory that has not yet been achieved on the battlefield. This explains the seemingly absurd demand that Ukraine leave territories that Russia does not even control. For Putin, victory is not just about seizing territory, but also about dictating terms, redrawing borders, and recognizing a new reality. This is how Putin can gain the legitimacy he desires.

Unsurprisingly, this position is hard to understand. Even sympathetic members of the Trump administration believe that Putin is asking too much. President Trump is clearly losing patience; his 50-day peace deadline, now shortened to "10 or 12 days," is evidence of that. As for Ukraine, despite signs of war weariness and a willingness to consider painful compromises, there is no reason to believe that it will accept Moscow's ultimatum – even if parts of it find support in Washington.

Long before Trump came to power, the idea of a grand bargain between the powers was popular in Russia. The model has always been the Yalta Conference of 1945, where the West supposedly agreed to Soviet spheres of influence. This is behind Moscow's recurring dream of a "new Yalta" – a formal confirmation of the legitimacy of Russia's current claims. But few remember that Yalta failed. Instead of harmony, it led to a cold war. Stalin, wavering between legitimacy and force, chose the latter. The world was divided.

Putin seems to be caught in the same dilemma: between seizing as much as possible and legitimizing at least some of it. Like Stalin, after similar doubts, he will probably make the same choice – relying only on force, not on the West, to consolidate his gains. That may be a victory in his eyes. But not the one he wanted.

https://nypost.com/2022/02/26/to-understand-putin-look-to-the-fall-of-east-germany-and-the-ussr/
In Decmeber 1989 Putin faced helpless the fall of Berlin Wall and East-Germany, he will feel helpless again when Kremlin Walls and Russia will fall, and become Moscovia again...

[webmaster]

Stargorod and Novgorod: where are the roots of Russia actually?
Why was the city called Novgorodom?
Because there was an Old Town somewhere.
And this Stargorod is neither fiction nor a metaphor. He does exist. And it stands where the official history forbids us to look for Russia.
Stargorod (Starigard) is the capital of the Vagriv, the West Slavic people, located on the southern coast of the Baltic Sea, in modern Germany. Exactly from here, from the shores of the Baltic, came ryurik - together with his russû, to establish not a state, but a philia already existing.
The real Ryurik is a Slav. And he comes from lands that were called Varyazkoi Russia at those times.
Near the Baltic Sea lived obodriti, ruâni, lûtíčí, pomoryani - this is and there are those varâgi who mentions lithopis. Slavic warriors and sailors who fought with the Germans kept Scandinavia in fear and even paid tribute to Denmark. On Ukrainian land, in the lviv region, there is the village of stargorod, and nearby - varyazh, rusin, svitaziv. This is not a coincidence. This is a thread that connects us to the same vagrami, Slavic princes and warriors that history has tried to cross.
The story of the temporary summers directly says:
• Varâgi are people, not just "tenants" and not normani.
• Russ are those who have been called to princes;
• they came "from across the sea" already as Russia, and did not become her here.
And Novgorod? Novgorod is where this Russia came.
What ever happened to this truth?
She was consumed by an imperial machine. Beginning with the XVIII century, Petersburg involved foreign historians (Miller, Bayer, Schlocer) who rewrote our past called Slavs a tribe, and the Vikings made the "founders of Russia".
The Russian Empire set a task: to make Moscow the center of Slavicism so that Russia "started" in Novgorod and ended in St. Petersburg. That's why they created the Norman theory.
And made it "official".
And silenced Stargorod, Arkona, Varyagiv-Slovians.
And the Slavic Atlantis was erased from memory - the mighty Varyazh Rus.
But the toponyms Remained lithopisi. And we are the ones left.
To restore the truth
Varyazh Rus lived at the south of the Baltic Sea. Her wives fought with the Vikings. Her princes ruled the nations. Her fortifications still stand in Germany, Denmark, Sweden. Her names are in our villages, her memory is in our blood.
Read more in the book "From Russia to Ukraine." Repeating the history»
 
  https://www.facebook.com/anatolij.gajkovs.kij/posts/pfbid02SYiYTECkshBktsxVpqEL7sSA13dkugK56NQ3gfNjmcBBzzQkXq6KWhkUw7LKEMHNl
 
  https://web.archive.org/web/20160817160019/https://duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/26680/7245.pdf?sequence=2

  The Historiography of Normanist and
Anti-Normanist theories on the origin of Rus'
A review of modern historiography and major sources on Varangian controversy and other
Scandinavian concepts of the origins of Rus'
 

[webmaster]

https://vk.com/wall-124456841_61422
Old calendar

The names of the months in most European languages have been preserved from the Roman calendar, not the Julian calendar, but an even earlier one. Before Caesar introduced the Julian calendar in 45 BC, the Roman year, the so-called Romulan year, was divided into 10 months, the first of which was March - the month dedicated to the legendary father of Romulus and Remus - the god Mars, and therefore bearing his name.

The memory that the "month of Mars" was the first month of the year can be found in the names of such months as September (from "septem" - seven), October ("octo" - eight), November ("novem" - nine) and December ("decem" - ten).

When the most convenient Slavic calendar was destroyed, replaced by the Julian calendar, they did not change the already familiar names of the months, but simply added two months before March, dedicating the first to Janus - the god of all beginnings.

[webmaster]

https://vk.com/wall-110942671_498118
The main hypotheses about the origin of the Slavs

There are three main hypotheses about the origin of the Slavs:

https://www.facebook.com/media/set/?vanity=furious.ukrainization&set=a.1533372033629739
What kind of "inheritance" of Kyiv Russia everywhere speak Russians?
The Moscow Principality was founded by Khan Mengu-Timur in 1277.
Moscow and Muscovia are the product of the state activity of the Tatar-Mongol Empire and the personal property of the Khan of the Golden Horde of Mengu-Timur.
It was with him for the first time Moscow appeared as a settlement recorded in 1272 - that is, at the third Tataro-Mongolian Podušnomu Census.
And the first Moscow Ulus (principality) appeared in the Golden Horde in 1277, when Khan Mengu-Timur awarded the label "on principality" to the younger son of Alexander Nevsky - Daniel, who reached at that time (according to Tatar-Mongolian laws) of adulthood (16 years).
So, we finally got to the truth, so carefully hidden vekovanih: the village of Moscow began to be inhabited by the Moxel tribes since 1272, and the Moscow principality appeared in 1277.
The same khan of the Golden Horde of Mengu-Timur, not Yuri Dolgorukij, became the true founder of Moscow and Moscow Ulus.
Give your own child - Muscovíííí, Zolotoordinskne khans will contribute in everything.
Thanks to the help and decision of Saray, Muscovy will soon be on the path of the so-called "gathering of Russian land".
But this concept of "gathering" in itself will appear much later when an empire will emerge on the bones of thousands of murdered and it will need a "great ancient past".
Then the Russian elite will accept to steal everything else's to give for their own.
She will, even, renounce the forefathers of her statehood - the Mongolian Tataro, not to mention renouncing her native Finnish ethnicity - meri, muromi, mescheri, vesi, caves, permi, mokši, mordvi, etc. д.
Here they are - the true rulers and kings of rostovo-suzdal Осьs -kih and Moscow principality from 1238 to 1357 years:
1) Khan Batiy (Saina), 1238-1250 years;
2) Khan Sartak, 1250-1257 years;
3) Khan Berke, 1257-1266 years;
4) Khan Mengu-Timur, 1266 -1282 years;
5) Khan Tuda-Mengu, 1282-1287 years;
 6) хан Талабуга, 1287-1290 роки;
7) Khan Tokhta, 1291 -1312 years;
😎 Uzbek Khan, 1312-1342 years;
9) Khan Janibek, 1342-1357 years.
And these historical figures turned out to be the forefathers of Russian statehood.
Thank you for helping me inform ykristianna.

[webmaster]

Pensées (114) Hungarians. Pathetic USSR Archetyping. A mistake we make. International Relations bottom. De-colonising pre-history. Ukraine's centrality. Limits of military might.
https://www.decodingtrolls.net/p/pensees-114?utm_source=substack&publication_id=1168327&post_id=145327112&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&utm_campaign=email-share&triggerShare=true&isFreemail=true&r=1kglih&triedRedirect=true
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40604287/

https://www.powerofmana.net/p/timothy-snyders-move?utm_source=substack&utm_campaign=post_embed&utm_medium=web  De-Colonisation of Ukraine's Pre-History Goes Mainstream
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rg7uux4PZqE Timothy Snyder on real history world starts with Ukraine

------

[webmaster]

Ukraine is not part of Russia.. In the last 400 years Russia has rewritten their history, tried to destroy their Culture, Language, and Identity, and even genocide in 1932,1933... Ukraine Culture and it people existed over thousand  years before Moscow, and will continue to be here long after evil Putin is gone! Documentation goes back over 1,400 years, and legened claims that appostle of Jesus Christ, St Andrews prophesied around 55 AD that a great city would be built on the hilly shores of the Dnieper river... That city to day is Kyiv (Kiev) the capital of Ukraine, and it Christian roots go back to 988 AD. Ukrainians ancestors were called Kievan Rus back than, Rus is a viking word. Ukrainians ancestors are related to the Scandinavian Vikings. Oleg was a Viking ruler of Kievan Rus (Kyiv) area from 882-912 AD...That is why some of the same culture is found in Scandinavian countries!!!
https://medium.com/@Chalupa/ukraines-founding-fathers-are-over-a-thousand-years-old-when-a07a2772244

[webmaster]

https://vk.com/wall-110942671_501449
Size of cities and urban population of North-Eastern Rus' on the eve of the Mongol invasion

In the territory of North-Eastern Rus', 33 settlements of the 12th–13th centuries are known, directly called cities or considered by historians as such, based on the context of their mentions in written sources. For 20 cities, there is data on the size of their fortified parts, for 19, certain observations have been accumulated, allowing us to estimate their overall sizes in the second half of the 12th–13th centuries with varying degrees of accuracy. A comparative assessment of the sizes of cities involves both a comparison of areas protected by ramparts and total areas.

In terms of the area of ��fortified territories, Vladimir, Gorodets Radilov, Suzdal and Pereslavl stand out, several times larger than the other fortified settlements of the 12th – first half of the 13th century. At the same time, Vladimir, in terms of the size of its fortress (132 hectares), is two and a half to three times larger than Suzdal and Pereslavl, and one and a half times larger than Gorodets.

Among the remaining cities, two standards for the sizes of fortified areas are being outlined: 7–15 (Moscow, Yaroslavl, Yuryev-Polsky, Dmitrov, Nizhny Novgorod) and 2–5.5 (Kleshchin, Bogolyubov, Ugleche Pole, Gorokhovets, Yaropolch, Starodub, Zubtsov, Galich, Osovets, Mstislavl, Dubna).

In terms of total area, the three largest centers are Rostov, Vladimir and Gorodets Radilov. Rostov, where the cultural layer of the second half of the 12th – first half of the 13th century was recorded on an area of ��about 200 hectares, stands out noticeably in this row.

In Vladimir, the cultural layer of the pre-Mongol period outside the ramparts is reliably documented over an area of ��at least 13 hectares. The total area containing cultural strata of the pre-Mongol period in Vladimir may be adjusted upward in the future, after the presence of this layer in Podol has been clarified, but in any case it remains significantly more modest than in Rostov.

Clarification of data on the area of ��the fortified part of Gorodets and identification of areas of the pre-Mongol cultural layer outside the fortifications, including at the base of the high bedrock terrace on which the earthen fortifications of this city were erected, brings its total area closer to Vladimir Square.

The areas of five more cities (Suzdal, Beloozero, Pereslavl, Yaroslavl, Moscow) are determined to be within 40–75 hectares. The definition of the boundaries of the distribution of the medieval cultural layer in Suzdal and Beloozero is based on extensive materials, including the results of field surveys on their periphery, so the calculations of their areas quite accurately reflect the actual sizes of the medieval cities.

The distribution area of ��the pre-Mongol cultural layer outside the medieval fortifications of Pereslavl and Yaroslavl has been established based on the materials of pitting and protective excavations over the last 15 years; only the minimum areas of distribution of medieval deposits documented by these works are indicated. The determination of the area of ��Moscow at the beginning of the 13th century within 50 hectares is based on the calculations of N.A. Krenke, who systematized the data on the distribution of the cultural layer of this time in the historical center of the city.

Of the eight cities that stand out for their size, five (Rostov, Vladimir, Suzdal, Yaroslavl, Pereyaslavl) are located in the center of the Volga-Oka region, in territories that formed the most densely populated core of North-Eastern Rus'. Three other large urban centers - Beloozero, Moscow, Gorodets Radilov - are located far beyond this core, including on its extreme borders (Gorodets) or in territories that were not originally administratively connected with Rostov.

Five of these cities are closely connected with complex hierarchical settlement structures of the 10th–11th centuries that developed in the immediate vicinity. No such connection can be traced for Beloozero, Moscow, and Gorodets. Despite all the differences in the nature of the development of the territories where these cities were formed, the settlement network that formed the conditions and environment for the crystallization of urban centers was absent in these areas on the eve of their emergence.

The two cities for which the chronicler uses the word "old" (the oldest, occupying the highest position in the hierarchy of city centers) when describing the events of 1174–1175 – Rostov and Suzdal – differ in their sizes. The area of ��Rostov at the end of the 12th century is three times larger than that of Suzdal. The size of Rostov's urban territory corresponded more to its position as an old city with a special status than the size of Suzdal.

Suzdal, Beloozero, Yaroslavl and Moscow are close in size. Suzdal, which was one of the two most important centers of princely power in the north-eastern Russian lands in the 11th – first half of the 12th century, with which the emergence of political ambitions of its rulers is firmly associated, was inferior in size to Pereslavl and only slightly larger than the other three cities. At the same time, only in Vladimir, Suzdal and Gorodets was a multi-part (two- or three-part) system of fortifications recorded.

The impressive size of Gorodets, revealed as a result of more precise calculations of the area protected by ramparts and surveys of areas on the outer side of the fortifications, is unexpected. In most publications, the area protected by earthworks in Gorodets is defined as 60 hectares. Thus, Gorodets surpassed Suzdal and Pereslavl in the size of its fortified part and was second only to Vladimir.

Founded on the eastern borders of the Rostov-Suzdal land, in a territory where, until the turn of the 12th–13th centuries, there apparently was no network of ancient Russian rural settlements, Gorodets contrasts sharply in size with other fortresses created by the princely administration in the Volga-Oka region.

Commenting on this fact, V.A. Kuchkin suggested that the city was used to gather troops and ensure the safety of the surrounding population in the conditions of unstable life on the border, in the situation of military confrontation between Rus, Bulgars and Mordvins. As analogues, he considers Torchesk and Belgorod - fortresses on the southern border of Rus with a fortified area of ��90 and 97.5 hectares, which performed similar functions.

However, another explanation is also possible: Gorodets could have occupied a special place in the strategic plans of the Vladimir princes and was considered not as an ordinary military-administrative center, but as an outpost of expansion to the east, to the left bank of the Volga. The fortress could have been designed with a large reserve of land for future development, just like, for example, Vladimir or Ryazan, where there were areas within the fortifications that were developed only at the beginning of the 13th century.

Significant areas in the second half of the 12th – early 13th centuries were occupied by Yuryev and Tver, the cultural layer of which extended over 20–25 hectares. Dmitrov may have had similar dimensions. The areas of other cities vary from 4 to 15 hectares, while for Yaropolch, Osovets, and Gorokhovets, the relatively modest sizes of unfortified settlements outside the ramparts are convincingly documented by recent research materials.

In these cases, it is difficult to expect that the total areas with cultural strata of the pre-Mongol period will be significantly adjusted upwards after new searches for areas of medieval development beyond the boundaries of defensive structures. The word "city" was used in sources in these cases to designate settlements that were similar in size to large villages of Suzdal Opolye. Cities with an area of ��no more than 15 hectares make up about a third of all settlements, the sizes of which have been established based on fieldwork materials from recent decades.

A.V. Kuza identified ancient Russian settlements with a fortified area of ��2.5 to 40 hectares and a specific set of archaeological features reflecting their trade and craft, military and administrative, and cultural and ideological functions as a special category of urban-type settlements – small towns. Without rejecting this possibility, it is worth noting that cities with fortified areas of 2.5 to 40 hectares in the northeastern Russian lands do not form a homogeneous group.

According to formal features, it could include the absolute majority of the settlements examined – from such significant centers as Pereslavl, Yaroslavl and Yuryev, to small settlements with a fortified area of ��2.5–3 hectares, like Yaropolch, Starodub or Mstislavl, for which the term "city" was also used. Obviously, different categories of settlements were artificially combined here, and settlements with a fortified area of ��up to 5.5 hectares occupied a separate position.

Nine cities of North-Eastern Rus are known as the centers of principalities that emerged in the 12th – early 13th centuries. A look at their areas shows that the cores of new political and administrative entities were mainly large cities with a fortress of at least 9.5–10 hectares. But there are exceptions in this series – Uglich and Starodub – the capitals of principalities with earthen fortifications that limited the area to only 2–2.5 hectares.

The largest cities of North-Eastern Rus' - old Rostov and Vladimir, which rose to a leading position under Andrei Bogolyubsky - fit into the general series of capital cities of the north and south in terms of their size. They are one and a half to two times smaller in area than the largest cities of Southern Rus', Kyiv (300-330 hectares) and Chernigov (350-440 hectares), close to Novgorod (180-230 hectares) and Smolensk (200 hectares), and 1.5 to 3 times larger in area than Ryazan (104 hectares) and Pskov (70 hectares).

The total area of ��sites with a cultural layer of the 12th–13th centuries, documented by field work, in the cities of North-Eastern Rus' is about 840 hectares. If we take into account the incompleteness of the materials on the cultural layer of the cities, in which some sites with pre-Mongol buildings may remain undetected, and the complete lack of data at our disposal on the sizes of the nine settlements mentioned in the chronicle as cities, this figure can be adjusted upward to 1200–1300 hectares. These are the maximum possible areas of the urban part of North-Eastern Rus' on the eve of the Mongol invasion.

Data on the size of the territories of ancient Russian cities are considered to be a correct basis for reconstructing the possible population size, based on the number of residential buildings and estates identified in the excavation area, and their extrapolation to the total area of ��the city. Following A.V. Kuza, researchers define the average statistical area of ��an urban estate as 400 m², and the average family size as consisting of 4–6 people. V.A. Kuchkin defined it as 4.4 people, taking as the basis for his calculations the chronicle data on the composition of princely families in the 12th–13th centuries.

A. B. Mazurov proposed using a coefficient of 0.5 for reconstructing the actual size of urban territory occupied by residential buildings, based on the fact that significant parts of the area were occupied by "non-urban landscape elements". The archaeological-demographic method with various variations and amendments was used to determine the population of Novgorod (15–17.5 thousand people); Kolomna (1.7–2 thousand people); Moscow (3 thousand people), and even earlier – a number of non-urban settlements, including Mininskoye on Lake Kubenskoye.

V.A. Kuchkin used this method to reconstruct the total urban population of Rus' on the eve of the Mongol invasion, estimating the number of inhabitants per 1 hectare of urban territory as 110 people. According to these calculations, the urban population was 300 thousand people, and the urban population of North-Eastern Rus' was about 40 thousand.

If we turn to more precise data on the areas of settlements presented in this work, recognize the validity of the use of a reduction coefficient to determine the areas actually occupied by residential development, and accept the population density per 1 ha calculated by V.A. Kuchkin, the total population of the cities of North-Eastern Rus' can be reconstructed within the range of 46,200–71,500 people.

The value of these calculations is reduced by the high errors that are inevitable when extrapolating average statistical data on the size of estates in the territory of cities with an unspecified building density in the absence of reliable information on the duration of the existence of estates and the synchronicity of residential buildings on different sites.

Given the lack of specific data on the development of most cities in North-Eastern Rus' and significant differences in the density of residential buildings in individual settlements, demographic calculations for individual, best-studied monuments turn out to be significantly more reliable than general reconstructions.

Quoted from: Makarov N.A. Urbanization of North-Eastern Rus' in the 11th – first half of the 13th century: sizes of urban territories.

Map: Cities of North-Eastern Russia of the 12th – first third of the 13th century. Total areas (ha). Legend:
a – 3–15
b – 20–25
c – 40–90
d – more than 100
d – unknown


https://www.facebook.com/hotlubo/posts/pfbid02XoCiyjZL823nE5F4uYD5yyD7RRpRFXxzy4Xh5tYWwJyWFR3dExkC3rbyzwHNTpudl
Trump ignores American military experts. After Alaska, retired Gen. Philip Breedlove said: "Russia has never been interested in peace in Ukraine, is not now interested in peace in Ukraine, and will never be interested in peace in Ukraine," except after its conquest. And it's also doubtful that Trump read an open letter written to him in 2023 about Russia after the invasion of Ukraine by the late Russian film director and writer Eduard Topol. His letter described the DNA of Russia and its leaders, and explained why any peace efforts will fall on deaf ears, why the war will only stop when Russia is defeated, and why business between the US and Russia will never happen.
Topol's bestselling political thriller
"As the author of fifty books and a dozen films about Russia, I consider myself entitled to inform you," wrote Topol. "You must know that he (Putin) cannot stop the war with Ukraine, even if you gift him your Mar-a-Lago estate in Palm Beach, Trump Tower in New York, and a dozen of your golf clubs. And not because he doesn't want a break from war, but because he simply cannot."
This is because Russia's revolutions happened after Russian soldiers returned from unsuccessful wars, he explained. The most recent example was the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan in February 1989, which led to chaos in the USSR and its collapse. "Knowing this," Topol added, "Putin cannot end the war with Ukraine and bring his troops home. That is why Putin dreams of occupying Ukraine, as well as the Baltics, Finland, Poland, etc., to keep his army far away from Moscow. And he knows what will happen if one and a half million soldiers, trained to kill, loot, and rape professionally, return home from the Ukrainian front."
The war has also enabled Putin to eliminate two million opponents of his regime, who fled, were jailed, or conscripted. Topol concluded: "I do not want Putin—a KGB man, a thief, and a murderer of millions—to keep brazenly deceiving you, lying, and misleading my President. If you want to stop Putin and the imperial ambitions of at least half of Russia's population, you need to bring oil prices down to at least $25 per barrel and give Ukraine the weapons that will help it crush the aggressor. As for your desire to establish U.S.-Russian business partnerships, not in words but in reality, this could happen in a hundred years—or never at all."

There are no Russians! This is the artificial people invented by Peter 1 calling the tribes of Vepsiv, Perm, Mari, Merâ, Chud, Muroma, Mesčera, Erzyu, Moksha and others, mainly Fino-Hungarian peoples, Russians.
https://www.facebook.com/anatolij.gajkovs.kij/posts/pfbid0MekWJzSxQdBw3QKGvfPTNtbgSz8J2RFoWgGBCmpJrP3NdxmQWHaFUD2qbhQwUrtsl like Herodotus said 400 BCE just cannibals/katsaps https://archive.org/details/scythiansgreekss00minn/page/32/mode/1up?q=Androphagi

[webmaster]

Flag of the Tsar of Moscow

The various versions of the origin of the Russian tricolor can be traced only from the time of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, when the first Russian military ship, the Orel, was built in 1668. In the summer of 1667, the Dutch merchant Johann van Sveden, who participated in organizing the construction of the ship, submitted to the Tsar "A list of what else is needed for the ship's construction, in addition to what has now been bought overseas."

In which he asked to release kindyaki (paper printed, usually red fabric) for the production of flags, while specifying that "and the colors of all kindyaki are as the Great Sovereign indicates, only on ships, whichever state the ship is, that state's flag is."

For the production of flags, on April 9 (19), 1668, the Tsar ordered the Siberian Prikaz to send from barter (that is, imported) goods "three hundred and ten arshins of kindyaks and one hundred and fifty arshins of blackened white azure taffeta, for shipbuilding for banners and for yalovchiks."

The second of two surviving decrees of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich concerning flags is dated April 24 (May 4), 1669. It stated: "The ship, which was newly built in the village of Dedinovo, ...shall be given the name Oryol; ...an eagle shall be placed on the bow and stern, and eagles shall also be sewn on the banners and on the fir branches."

Apart from these two decrees of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, no other documents or information about the flags of the ship "Orel" have been preserved. From these decrees it follows only that red, white and blue fabric was allocated for the production of flags for the ship "Orel", and that eagles were to be depicted on the produced flags.

Based on the image of the first Russian ship "Orel" at the river roadstead near Nizhny Novgorod in the spring of 1669 in the engraving by Van der Aa in the book "Wanderings of Jan Struys", published in Amsterdam in 1681, who was a ship's carpenter on the "Orel", it is believed that the ship had three-stripe flags with a white stripe in the middle on the stern and topmast. This version is also confirmed by the engraving by Conraad Dekker "View of the city of Astrakhan and the frigate "Orel" with a flotilla" from the same book.

It can be cautiously assumed that the Orel was flying a flag with a double-headed eagle placed on a striped cloth.

The use of the tricolor with the now traditional arrangement of colors was reliably recorded during the initial period of Peter I's reign.

On August 6 (16), 1693, during the voyage of Tsar Peter Alekseevich in the White Sea with a detachment of warships built in Arkhangelsk, the so-called "flag of the Tsar of Moscow" was raised on the 12-gun yacht "Saint Peter" - a cloth sewn from flagpole measuring 4.6 × 4.9 meters, consisting of three horizontal equal stripes of white, blue and red, with a golden double-headed eagle in the middle.

The original of this oldest surviving Russian tricolor is located in the Central Naval Museum in St. Petersburg (inventory number 10556).

Already on June 13 (23), 1694, under a white-blue-red flag, a 44-gun frigate bought by Russia, built in Rotterdam, stood in the Amsterdam roadstead, according to reports from Dutch newspapers of that time.

In 1695, Carl Allard's work "New Dutch Shipbuilding" was published in Amsterdam, which listed the ship flags of the maritime powers of that time, including three Moscow flags. By order of Peter I, the work was translated into Russian from the Dutch edition of 1705 and printed in Moscow in 1709. The description of these flags from the Russian edition is as follows:

The flag of His Royal Majesty of Moscow, divided into three, the upper stripe is white, the middle blue, the lower red. On the blue stripe is a gold with the royal crown crowned with a double-headed eagle, having a red emblem in the heart, with a silver Saint George without a dragon.

The second flag from His Royal Majesty of Moscow, divided into three, with a white stripe at the top, blue in the middle, and red at the bottom, that flag is cut through with a blue St. Andrew's cross.

Another Moscow flag is defined by a blue cross, the first and fourth quarters are white, the second and third are red.

Among the reforms undertaken after the defeat at Narva, Peter considered it necessary to change the flag system of Russia. He rejected the "Flag of the Tsar of Moscow" and adopted as his standard a fundamentally new flag - a yellow cloth with a black double-headed eagle holding maps of four seas in its beaks and claws.

The St. Andrew's flag was approved as the flag of the navy, and the white-blue-red flag was associated with the Russian merchant fleet. This connection remained unbroken until the beginning of the 20th century. In everyday life and official documentation of the 17th-19th centuries, this flag was called "commercial", "civil", and sometimes "merchant".

Illustration: Flag of the Tsar of Moscow (1693).
https://vk.com/wall-110942671_503146

https://vk.com/wall432630372_18205
checkist holocaust in ukraine
https://oboguev.livejournal.com/8117975.html?es=1
https://argumentua.com/stati/krasnyi-terror-zverstva-sovetskoi-vlasti-dokumenty-i-foto-18
Summary of information on the atrocities and lawlessness of the Bolsheviks

[webmaster]

Anna Politkovskaya: "We dragged ourselves from the USSR to the "new Russia" with all the Soviet bugs..."

"The USSR is not soda machines, but the GULAG and 4 million denunciations.
The USSR is senile people in power and poverty as the norm of life.
The USSR is hypocrisy. With ostentatious anti-Westernism, a trip abroad is an incentive, and an item from abroad is an unprecedented success.
The USSR is sameness in everything. In clothes, in food, in songs, in thoughts.
The USSR is shortages and the absence of any progress.
The USSR is communal apartments, where one kitchen and one corridor are for everyone. Where the word "neighbor" takes on a special meaning.
The USSR is a ban on traveling abroad, it is prison for currency transactions, it is a ban on any political activity outside the framework of the Communist Party.
The USSR is a ban on private enterprise. A ban on private property, as such. A person does not and should not have anything personal, his own. A person belongs to the public, and not to himself.
The USSR is all-pervasive censorship and no freedom of opinion or dissemination of information.
The USSR is constant lies, dullness and oppression.
The USSR is pioneer assemblies, Komsomol meetings, public censure and condemnation. Humiliation in front of everyone, erosion and debasement of any individuality.
The USSR is ubiquitous nepotism and extortion.
The USSR is the imposition of militarism and imperial consciousness from early childhood.
The USSR is egalitarianism.
The USSR is when the state pretends to pay us for our work, and we pretend to work.
The USSR is the humiliating expectation of a handout from the state.
The USSR is the absence of personal hygiene items. The USSR
is the squalor of everyday life. The USSR
is a feeling of meaninglessness and absurdity of what is happening.
The USSR is disrespect for the individual. At school, at the institute, at work - everyone officially harasses a person's personal space. And this is considered the norm.
The USSR is propaganda from every iron, queues and empty shelves.
The USSR is constant expectation and fear of war.
USSR is the point in questionnaires "puts personal interests above public ones."
USSR is suspicion of everyone who stands out.
USSR is the impossibility of reading, watching and listening to what you want.
USSR is a line for sausage, where people lost consciousness.
USSR is the attitude to a person as to an expendable material.
USSR is the column "nationality.
" USSR is the hopelessness of tomorrow, an imitation of life as such. It is life activity.
USSR is hatred of the mind and love of the machine.
USSR is a corrosive anti-Semitism sent down from above, reaching the last communal kitchen.
USSR is a humiliating lack of choice in everything.
USSR is sycophancy and trembling before the boss. Groveling before force.
The USSR is when the end justifies the means.
The USSR is an ideology of hatred, envy and meanness.
The USSR is the opposite of freedom as such. The absence of freedom of movement, freedom of conscience, freedom of opinion, freedom of thought. And constant declarations, meetings, parades, fiery speeches, marches, plans, norms, posters, honor boards, shame boards - huge, plywood screens covering the true picture of things.
The USSR is a lie and more lies. A violent perversion of human nature. A substitution of all universal human values.
The USSR is the longest-lasting misanthropic regime in history that has not been finished off


And here we are again, behind our native Iron Fence with barbed wire, where the dragon can finally continue with rapture the briefly interrupted romance with his food. On the rails of a treacherous war, up to our necks in someone else's blood, with masochistic nostalgia we rolled back to the chopping block, where our executioners were already waiting.

History, like a chronic disease, is prone to relapse. And there is only one radical cure - timely chemotherapy of the cells that carry death. This did not happen to us, we dragged ourselves from the USSR to the "new Russia" with all the Soviet bugs..."

https://vk.com/wall720919076_5398

❌IF YOU ARE IN RUSSIA DO NOT REPOST, LIKE OR COMMENT ON THIS POST

The Bucha massacre - discrediting or did it happen?

At the end of March 2022, after the retreat of Russian troops from Bucha, mass casualties among the civilian population were discovered. Bodies of people with signs of violent death - traces of execution, torture, hands tied behind the back - were found on the streets, in houses and in mass graves. Many victims were killed in the first days of the occupation.

What happened in Bucha: facts, investigations and myths refuted

1. Mass killings during the occupation

From late February to late March 2022, Bucha was under Russian control. During this period, civilian disappearances, torture, murders, and looting were recorded. Maxar satellite images from March 11–19 show bodies on the streets, in the same locations where journalists later filmed them, confirming that mass killings occurred before Russian troops left.

Sources:
• HRW, April 2022: www.hrw.org/ru/news/20...
• Amnesty International: www.amnesty.org/en/latest/...
• Maxar Technologies imagery
Billingcat zmina.info/ru/news-ru...

Official report on crimes in Bucha - ohchr December 2022

www.ohchr.org/sites/defa...

2. Journalists in Bucha

Journalists first entered the city on April 2, after Ukrainian forces had cleared and demined the area. AFP, Reuters, BBC, NYT and Der Spiegel were the first to arrive, documenting civilian bodies with their hands bound and signs of execution.

Sources:
• AFP, Reuters, BBC - April 2-3, 2022
• NYT Satellite Investigation, April 4, 2022

3. Refutation of key propaganda theses

- Mayor did not mention the bodies of March 31
The mayor's video is explained by limited access and the priority of demining.

- The bodies were already lying on the streets, as confirmed by satellite images.
The bodies only appeared on April 2.
Journalists documented them on April 2-3, but satellite images from March 11-19 show the bodies long before the Russian troops left.

- White armbands = Ukrainians killed
White armbands were used by Russians as a sign, and civilians wore them under threat. Many bodies with white armbands had signs of execution (shots in the back of the head, tied hands).

- The bodies are "too fresh"
Decomposition depends on temperature, humidity, location. Experts confirm that the bodies had been lying on the streets for several days to two weeks.

- The bodies were moving or smoking.
The video was verified by the BBC, the movement is explained by a visual artifact (a drop of water or a reflection). There is no evidence of staging.

- OSCE refused to investigate
Not true. OSCE conducted an investigation under the Moscow mechanism, recorded war crimes. (OSCE report, April 13, 2022)

4. International investigations
• HRW and Amnesty: witness interviews, photos and videos, analysis of ammunition and documents of Russian troops.
• Bellingcat: open sources, satellite images, timeline of events.
• ICC and UN: investigations are ongoing, data has been transferred to the ICC and the Ukrainian prosecutor's office. Russia was invited to participate, but declined.

5. Indictments on Bucha (Ukraine)

- May 2022
10 soldiers of the 64th Motorized Rifle Brigade
War crimes against civilians (torture, illegal imprisonment, looting)
Office of the Prosecutor General of Ukraine
- August 2023
3 Russian servicemen
Murder of an unarmed man, sexual violence
Ukrayinska Pravda
- April 2022
More than 1,600 servicemen of the 64th Brigade
Participation in the occupation and crimes
GUR MOD of Ukraine
- July 2022
Roman Petrenko, collaborator
Cooperation with the Russian Federation, transfer

6. International Courts
• ICC opened an investigation into Ukraine, including Bucha, but no specific charges have been filed yet.
• Arrest warrants issued for other crimes (deportation of children).
• UN confirmed mass executions, torture, sexual violence, materials transferred to ICC.
• ECHR: complaints from Ukraine against Russia, ongoing.

RUSSIA'S REFUSAL TO PARTICIPATE IN THE INVESTIGATION

Russia was officially offered to participate in the investigation of the events in Bucha, but it refused. International bodies, including the UN and the OSCE, as well as the Ukrainian authorities, declared their readiness to cooperate with the Russian side to conduct a full-fledged investigation.

Russia's refusal means that its experts and representatives did not participate in evidence collection, forensic examinations and on-site inspections at crime scenes. This is recorded in the reports of international organizations as a restriction of access to information and an obstacle to the investigation.

• Russian authorities claim that photographs and videos from Bucha were "staged" or "prepared by Ukraine" after the Russian troops retreated, in order to discredit the Russian Federation.
• This included claims that bodies were moved and damage to objects was faked.
• Russia did not provide its experts for a joint investigation with the UN, OSCE or ICRC, claiming that these organisations are acting under pressure from the West and "do not guarantee an objective review".
• The Russian Foreign Ministry stressed that Russia's participation in the investigation is possible only on condition that it is "neutral and independent", and no such guarantees were provided.
• The refusal is also used as a political tool, with Moscow insisting that any accusations against Russian troops are "disinformation" and "part of the information war".

In Russia, publishing information about Bucha and other events of the war that officially contradicts the state's position can be considered a violation of the "law on discrediting" the army (adopted in March 2022) or the "law on fakes about special operations."
https://vk.com/wall875155976_1122

[webmaster]

https://www.facebook.com/sergij.kuprienko/posts/pfbid029wiQVvW1rsfw4JKtprPZWfYjYJrpFUaoEjUb8wsquCv4c3oigaiWqLNpe2hDF5Yal
 History we forget: the day Philip Orlik forced Peter and capitulate
On July 23, 1711, near the Moldovan city of Yassa, something extraordinary happened. Imagine this: the formidable Tsar Peter I, who recently walked victoriously through Europe, was trapped surrounded by Cossacks, Tatars, Turks and Swedes. And exactly when it seemed to be all gone, he was forced to sign the Prut Treaty. It was a diplomatic defeat that Russia is trying not to mention.
"wolf pit" for Peter: how the tsar got into kapkan
After the Poltava Battle of 1709, it would seem, the fate of the Cossack statehood was decided. Mazepa died, Charles XII fled to Bender. But the fight isn't over - she was caught by the hetman in exile Philip Orlyk.
In 1711, he, along with his allies — Charles XII, Crimean Khan Devlet-Geray II, the Zaporozhites led by Kostem Gordienko and the Turkish Sultan — organized a joint campaign against Peter I. The Moscow military went deep into the territory of Moldova - and that's where it ended up trapped.
The Prutian Treaty: a defeat hidden under the domes
Peter I, to save himself and the army, had to go under humiliating conditions:
Give Turkey the fortress of azov, which was a strategic window to the Black Sea.
Destroy the fortresses - Taganrog, Stone Zaton and Novobogoroditsky.
Stop interfering in the case of the Commonwealth and recognize the independence of the Cossacks who were under the Turkish and Crimean protectorate.
Take Moscow troops out of the lands of the Zaporozhites and Allied Cossacks.
Forbid oneself from having an ambassador in Istanbul, thereby factually recognizing that Turkey has a greater influence in the region than Muscovy.
Forgotten Victory: Why Philip Orlyk is a hero of shadows
This event is rarely talked about today. And imagine what a diplomatic triumph it was: the Cossack in exile forced the Russian king to retreat! Philip Orlik showed that Ukraine even in the toughest times can dictate its conditions if it has allies and the will to fight.
This is another evidence that the history of Ukrainian resistance of the empire did not begin yesterday — and continued even when everything seemed to be lost.